[header][C library] cinttypes (inttypes.h) (C++11)

*[header][C library] cinttypes (inttypes.h) (C++11)

<cinttypes> (inttypes.h)

C integer types

Header with library support for width-based integral types.

Including this header automatically includes also <cstdint> (which defines width-based integral types).

Macros

The following macros expand to character string literals that contain a printf or scanf specifier suitable to be used with specific width-based integral types:

macro	description	example
PRIxMAX	printf specifier for intmax_t	PRIiMAX is the equivalent of i (in "%i") for intmax_t values
PRIxN	printf specifier for intN_t	PRId16 is the equivalent of d (in "%d") for int16_t values
PRIxLEASTN	printf specifier for int_leastN_t	PRIuLEAST32 is the equivalent of u (in "%u") for uint32_t values
PRIxFASTN	printf specifier for int_fastN_t	PRIxFAST8 is the equivalent of x (in "%x") for uint8_t values
PRIxPTR	printf specifier for intptr_t	PRIuPTR is the equivalent of u (in "%u") for uintptr_t values
SCNxMAX	scanf specifier for intmax_t	SCNiMAX is the equivalent of i (in "%i") for intmax_t values
SCNxN	scanf specifier for intN_t	SCNd16 is the equivalent of d (in "%d") for int16_t values
SCNxLEASTN	scanf specifier for int_leastN_t	SCNuLEAST32 is the equivalent of u (in "%u") for uint32_t values
SCNxFASTN	scanf specifier for int_fastN_t	SCNxFAST8 is the equivalent of x (in "%x") for uint8_t values
SCNxPTR	scanf specifier for intptr_t	SCNuPTR is the equivalent of u (in "%u") for uintptr_t values

Where:

• x is one of d, i, o,u or x (for the printf specifiers this can also be an uppercase X).*
• N is 8, 16, 32, 64, or any other type width supported by the library in <cstdint>.
  

* The specifier assumes the type to be signed for i and d, and unsigned for o, u, x and X.

Functions

This header also declares the following functions, that adapt functions in <cstdlib> and <cwchar> for intmax_t:

function	description
imaxabs	equivalent to abs for intmax_t: intmax_t imaxabs (intmax_t n);
imaxdiv	equivalent to div for intmax_t: imaxdiv_t imaxdiv (intmax_t numer, intmax_t denom);
strtoimax	equivalent to strtol for intmax_t: intmax_t strtoimax (const char* str, char** endptr, int base);
strtoumax	equivalent to strtoul for uintmax_t: uintmax_t strtoumax (const char* str, char** endptr, int base);
wcstoimax	equivalent to wcstol for intmax_t: intmax_t wcstoimax (const wchar_t* wcs, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
wcstoumax	equivalent to wcstoul for uintmax_t: uintmax_t wcstoumax (const wchar_t* wcs, wchar_t** endptr, int base);

In C++, including this header also provides overloads of abs and div for intmax_t (equivalent to the functions above) unless intmax_t is an alias of a fundamental type.

Types

Type	description
imaxdiv_t	Type returned by imaxdiv, which is the div_t equivalent for intmax_t.

Example

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/* example of <inttypes.h> */ #include <stdio.h> /* printf, scanf, fgets, stdin, NULL */ #include <stdint.h> /* intmax_t */ #include <inttypes.h> /* strtoimax, PRIdMAX, SCNdMAX */ int main () { char buffer[80]; intmax_t foo,bar; printf ("Please, enter a number: "); fgets (buffer,80,stdin); foo = strtoimax (buffer,NULL,10); printf ("Thanks for entering %" PRIdMAX ".\n", foo); printf ("Please, enter another number: "); scanf ("%" SCNdMAX,&bar); printf ("%" PRIdMAX " by %" PRIdMAX " is %" PRIdMAX, foo, bar, foo*bar); return 0; }

Edit & Run

Possible output:

Please, enter a number: 10 Thanks for entering 10. Please, enter another number: 20 10 by 20 is 200

내용 출처 : http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/cinttypes/