[리눅스마스터 1급 실기] 배점/정답 분석 (7개년, 2015년~2021년)

배점/정답 분석 (7개년, 2015년~2021년)

• 지난 7년간 실시되었던 리눅스마스터 1급 실기 시험의 배점과 정답을 분석해보자.
• 리눅스마스터 1급 실기 시험은 2021년 이전과 이후로 나뉜다.
  • 2021년 이전 : CentOS 7 
  • 2021년 이후 : CentOS 6 

 

배점 분석

• 1번~10번 : 단답식 (40점)
  • 문제 1개당 4점씩
• 11번~16번 : 작업식 (60점)
  • 문제 1개당 4점~12점

 

2015년 ~ 2019년

문항 / 회차	15-1	15-2	16-1	16-2	17-1	17-2	18-1	18-2	19-1	19-2
1	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
2	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
6	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
7	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
8	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
9	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
10	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
11	9	9	9	8	12	12	12	12	8	8
12	6	9	9	8	4	6	10	6	12	10
13	9	12	10	12	8	6	12	9	12	10
14	12	6	12	12	12	12	11	12	8	12
15	12	12	12	8	12	12	9	9	8	10
16	12	12	8	12	12	12	6	12	12	10

 

2020년 ~ 2021년

문항 / 회차	20-1	20-2	20-3	21-1	21-2
1	4	4	4	4	4
2	4	4	4	4	4
3	4	4	4	4	4
4	4	4	4	4	4
5	4	4	4	4	4
6	4	4	4	4	4
7	4	4	4	4	4
8	4	4	4	4	4
9	4	4	4	4	4
10	4	4	4	4	4
11	8	12	12	12	12
12	12	8	8	8	8
13	10	8	8	8	8
14	12	12	12	12	12
15	6	8	8	10	12
16	12	12	12	10	8

 

정답 분석

2015년

문항 / 회차	15-1	15-2
1	① -G (--groups) ② -s (--shell) ③ -G	① /etc/default/useradd ② /etc/skel
2	① t ② 8e	① -N ② -t
3	① renice ② 10 또는 +10 또는 -n 10	① nohup ② &
4	rpmbuild	--rebuilddb
5	/sbin/grub-install (--recheck) 또는 grub-install (--recheck)	① modprobe 또는 insmod ② /etc/modprobe.conf 또는 modprobe.conf
6	① /dev/sdb1 ② /backup ③ ext3	① 83 ② 82 ③ 83
7	/var/log/dmesg	① rsyslog.conf 또는 syslog.conf ② *.warn 또는 *.warning
8	① 0 또는 00 ② 4 또는 04 ③ * ④ * ⑤ 1,3,5 또는 mon,wed.fri	① weekly ② 0600 ③ rotate
9	① 10 ② password	nosuid
10	① allow ② deny ③ all	① --delete ② -a 또는 --archive ③ -v 또는 --verbose
11	① ihd ② org	① ServerName ② ServerRoot ③ DocumentRoot
12	① ihd ② org	① /data/nfs ② rw ③ root_squash
13	① /etc/mail/virtusertable ② makemap hash	① listen_port ② local_umask ③ 20
14	① 3H 또는 10800 ② 15M 또는 900 ③ 1W 또는 604800 또는 7D	① libvirtd ② virt-manager
15	① routers 192.168.0.1 ② subnet-mask 255.255.255.0 ③ domain-name "example.com" ④ domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1	① restrict 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0 ② server time.kriss.re.kr ③ server time.bora.net ④ ntpd
16	① -P ② -A ③ -i ④ -j	① -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request(또는 8) ② -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply(또는 0) ③ -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable(또는 3)

 

2016년

문항 / 회차	16-1	16-2
1	① whoami ② who am I / who -m / who -a / who -u ③ id	① usermod ② -L (--lock) ③ -e 2017-11-20 ④ -f 7
2	① chown -R super.users exam_dir 또는 chown -R super:users exam_dir ② chmod -R 770 exam_dir	① mkdir ② fdisk ③ mkfs.ext4 또는 mkfs -t ext4 ④ /etc/fstab
3	*/5 9-18 * * 1-5 /services/health_check.sh	① uptime   ② meminfo ③ cmdline ④ loadavg
4	① -c ② -o program	① -qip ② -V ③ --rebuilddb
5	① 플래터 또는 flatter ② 헤드 또는 head ③ 섹터 또는 sector	① depmod ② modules.dep ③ make clean ④ make mrproper
6	① /etc/fstab ② /dev/sdb1 ③ /home2 ④ ext4 ⑤ defaults,usrquota	① lpr (또는 lp) ② -# 2 (또는 -n 2) ③ -P lp (또는 -d lp) ④ lpq 또는 lpstat
7	① /var/log/wtmp ② last ③ /var/log/btmp ④ lastb	① authpriv.* ② root,ihduser
8	① /etc/logrotate.conf ② monthly ③ dateext ④ rotate 5	① last ② lastlog ③ reboot ④ -u ihduser
9	① lsattr ② chattr ③ +a	① visudo ② ihduser ③ ALL
10	① dd ② of ③ if ④ bs	rsync -av /data 192.168.0.110:/backup
11	① data.example.com:/shared ② /remote_data ③ nfs	① /etc/exports ② /data/presales /*.example.com(rw, no_root_squash)
12	① local_umask ② listen_port ③ xferlog_enable	① /etc/mail/virtusertable   ② makemap hash
13	① Listen ② ServerName ③ DocumentRoot ④ ServerAdmin ⑤ DirectoryIndex	① aliases ② access ③ local-host-names
14	① ns.linux.or.kr. ② posein.linux.or.kr. ③ MX 0 (0대신 양의 정수값 모두 가능) ④ linux.or.kr. ⑤ CNAME	① /etc/xinetd.conf ② log_type ③ FILE ④ /var/log/xinetd.log
15	① in.telnetd ② vsftpd ③ 192.168.12. 또는 192.168.12.0/255.255.255.0	① host ② ihd_pc ③ hardware ethernet ④ fixed-address
16	① iptables-save ② iptables-restore ③ save ④ /etc/sysconfig/iptables	① nat ② POSTROUTING ③ -o ④ SNAT

 

2017년

문항 / 회차	17-1	17-2
1	① -d ② -G	1777
2	① n ② 8e	① -t 또는 -T ② -b ③ dumpe2fs 또는 blockdev --report 또는 dumpe2fs -h
3	renice 또는 renice -n	① -9 또는 -S SIGKILL 또는 -S 9 또는 -SIGKILL ② 3318
4	① -qf ② --force	① -e ② --nodeps
5	① sr_mod 또는 -f sr_mod ② cdrom 또는 -f cdrom	① /dev/sdb1 ② /data ③ 0 ④ 1 또는 2
6	① /dev/sdd1 ② /data01 ③ 0 ④ 0	① blkid ② -i 또는 -is ( ※ 시험 버전에서 제공되지 않아 전부 정답 처리)
7	① mail.*;mail.!=debug ② /var/log/mail.log 또는 -/var/log/mail.log	① btmp ② lastb
8	① daily ② rotate ③ 0600 또는 600 ④ dateext	① logger ② -i
9	PrintLastLog	① chattr ② +a
10	① -0 ② -f ③ restore ④ -rf	① -o 또는 --create 또는 -ov 또는 -oc ② > 또는 -F 또는 --file ③ -i 또는 --extract 또는 -iv 또는 -ic 또는 -idv 또는 -id ④ < 또는 -F 또는 --file
11	① ServerRoot ② 80 ③ ServerName ④ DocumentRoot ⑤ ihd@ihd.or.kr ⑥ DirectoryIndex	① Order ② Deny ③ All ④ 192.168.22.0/255.255.255.0 또는 192.168.22.0/24 또는 192.168.22.
12	① -L ② //ihd/ihd_share 또는 \\\\ihd\\ihd_share	① 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0 또는 192.168.5.0/24 ② no_root_squash
13	① NO ② YES ③ data_connection_timeout ④ chroot_local_user	① @ihd.or.kr ② ihdadmin 또는 ihdadmin@ihd.or.kr
14	① in.fingerd ② .admin.net ③ in.telnetd	① acl ② 10.20.17.0/255.255.255.0 또는 10.20.17.0/24 ③ allow ④ kait ⑤ deny ⑥ all
15	① only ② forwarders ③ datasize ④ allow-query	① range 또는 range dynamic-bootp ② domain-name-servers ③ domain-name ④ routers
16	① -F 또는 --flush ② -i 또는 --in-interface ③ -p 또는 --protocol ④ --dport 또는 --destination-port ⑤ 22:23 ⑥ DROP	① wait ② nice ③ access_times ④ per_source ⑤ no_access ⑥ FILE /var/log/telnetd.log

 

2018년

문항 / 회차	18-1	18-2
1	① chage ② -m 3 ③ -M 60 ④ -E 2020-12-22 또는 -E 2020/12/22	① /etc/login.defs ② /etc/skel ③ /etc/default/useradd ④ /etc/login.defs
2	① edquota ② -t 또는 -ut ③ -p ihduser ( -u ) kaituser ④ quota	① if=/dev/zero ② of=/swap_file ③ bs=1k ④ count=1024000 또는 count=1000000
3	① nice 또는 snice ② --10 또는 -n -10 또는 --adjustment=-10 ③ renice ④ 10 또는 -n 10	① pgrep ② -u ③ ls -l /proc/14513/exe
4	① which cat 또는 whereis cat ② -qf /bin/cat ③ -qi coreutils(coreutils-8.4-6.fc13.i686) 또는 rpm -qif /bin/cat ④ -qi coreutils(coreutils-8.4-6.fc13.i686) 또는 rpm -qlf /bin/cat	① list installed ② search telnet ③ info ④ install
5	① /lib/modules/커널버전/modules.dep ② depmod	① distclean ② xconfig
6	① lpr -# 2 ② lp -n 2 또는 lpr.cups -# 2	① blkid 또는 dumpe2fs ② dumpe2fs
7	① /etc/rsyslog.conf ② authpriv.*;authpriv.!=info    /var/log/sshlog ③ *.=crit    /var/log/critical	① /etc/logrotate.conf ② /var/log/wtmp ③ create 0600(0660) root utmp(root)
8	① lastlog -t 3 ② last reboot ③ last ihduser 또는 last |grep ihduser ④ lastb kaituser 또는 lastb |grep kaituser	① lastb -f ② /var/log/btmp ③ last -f ④ /var/log/wtmp
9	① sysctl ② -w net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all=1  (-w 대신에 -e 사용 가능) ③ /etc/sysctl.conf	① /etc/ssh/sshd_config ② PermitRootLogin no
10	① -avz  ② root@192.168.12.22:/home /backup	① find /home ② -ocv > home.cpio ③ -icv < home.cpio
11	① /etc/alias ② webmaster: ihduser, kaituser ③ admin::include:/etc/main_admin ④ newaliases 또는 sendmail -bi	① htpasswd ② -c /usr/local/apache/conf/password ihduser ③ httpd -t ④ httpd -k graceful
12	① DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/html" ② UserDir www ③ DirectoryIndex index.htm, index,html, index.php ④ Listen 8080 ⑤ ServerName www.ihd.or.kr:8080	① nisdomainname ② /etc/sysconfig/network ③ NISDOMAIN=ihd.or.kr
13	① /etc/samba/smb.conf ② [www] ③ comment = Web Directory ④ path = /usr/local/	① /etc/vsftpd/frpusers ② /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf ③ chroot_local_user=YES
14	① allow-query { 192.168.5/24; 192.168.12.22; }; ② forward only; ③ forwarders { 168.126.63.1; };	① -t nat -A POSTROUTING ② -j SNAT ③ -t nat -A PREROUTING ④ -j DNAT
15	① (-t filter) -R INPUT 2 ② (-t filter) -D INPUT 5 ③ (-t filter) -l INPUT 2	① IN MX 10 ihd.or.kr. ② www IN A 192.168.12.22 ③ www1 IN CNAME www
16	① http_port 8080 ② acl ihdnet src 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0 ③ http_access allow ihdnet	① range dynamic-bootp 192.168.5.1 192.168.5.253; ② option domain-name "ihd.or.kr"; ③ option routers 192.168.5.254; ④ option broadcast-address 192.168.5.255;

 

2019년

문항 / 회차	19-1	19-2
1	① usermod ② -l kaituser ③ -d /home/kaituser ④ -m	① 10 4 1 1-12/2 * ② 5 3 * * 1 또는 5 3 * * mon
2	① passwd ② -d ③ -e ④ -i 3	① uname ② -r 또는 -a ③ /lib/modules/(커널버전)/modules.dep
3	① usrquota ② mount -o remount ③ quotacheck 또는 quotacheck -mf ④ edquota 또는 edquota -u	① fdisk -l 또는 dmesg 또는 blkid ② /proc/partitions 또는 /etc/blkid/blkid.tab
4	① ln ② -s /usr/local/apache/htdocs ③ /var/www/html ④ /project/lin.sh /backup/lin.sh	① /etc/mtab 또는 /proc/mounts ② mount
5	① ps -l 또는 top ② nice --10 또는 nice -n -10 ③ renice ④ -20 또는 -n -20	① cron,mail.*         /var/log/cronmail ② authpriv.*           root ③ *.crit                 /var/log/critical ④ mail.*;mail.!=info         /var/log/mailog
6	① crontab ② -lu ③ -eu ④ -ru	① /var/log/secure ② /var/log/maillog
7	① -e --nodeps ② which 또는 whereis ③ ldd ④ /usr/sbin/postfix	① /var/log/boot.log ② /var/log/maillog
8	① Jxf 또는 -Jxf ② gcc ③ -c ④ -o calc	① ssh-keygen ② ~ihduser/.ssh/id_rsa ③ ~ihduser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
9	① modprobe ② -l ③ -r ④ modinfo	① /boot/grub/grub.conf ② password ③ --md5
10	① last -2 reboot 또는 last -n 2 ② last 3 또는 last tty3 ③ lastb kaituser ④ lastlog -u ihduser	① chattr ② +a ③ +i ④ lsattr
11	① ErrorDocument ② 403 ③ 401 ④ 404	① /etc/rc.d/init.d/rpcbind start ② /etc/rc.d/init.d/ypserv start ③ /etc/rc.d/init.d/yppasswdd start ④ /etc/rc.d/init.d/ypxfrd start
12	① ypwhich ② -m ③ ypcat ④ yppasswd	① "12.168.192.in-addr.arpa" ② master ③ file "ihd.rev" ④ forward first ⑤ forwarders { 168.126.63.1; }
13	① exportfs -v ② showmount -e ③ rpcinfo 또는 nfsstat -r ④ nfsstat	① only_fom = 192.168.12.22 192.168.5.0 ② no_access = 192.168.5.44 ③ instances = 30 ④ per_source = 3 ⑤ access_times = 09:00-18:00 20:00-23:30
14	① netbios name = ihd_com ② workgroup = IHD ③ server string = IHD server ④ hosts allow - 127.192.168.5.	① nmap ② -p 0-65535 ③ netstat -ap | grep 55176  ④ ls -l /proc/1531/exe
15	① /etc/mail/virtusertable ② webmaster@linux.com    ihduser ③ webmaster@windows.com    kaituser ④ makemap hash /etc/mail/virtusertable < /etc/mail/virtusertable	① -F ② -P ③ DROP ④ -A ⑤ -j ACCEPT
16	① /etc/hosts.allow ② ALL: localhost, .ihd.or.kr ③ in.telnetd: 192.168.5.13 ④ sshd: 192.168.5. 또는 sshd: 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0	① Alias ② /error/ ③ "/usr/local/apache/error/" ④ NameVirtualHost ⑤ 192.168.5.13:80

 

2020년

문항 / 회차	20-1	20-2	20-3
1	① passwd ② -S ③ -l ④ -u	① /etc/skel ② /etc/login.defs ③ /etc/login.defs ④ /etc/default/useradd	① passwd ② -d ③ chage ④ -E
2	① chmod ② 3070 또는 3700	① umask ② 0077 또는 077 또는 u=rwx,g=,o=	① /etc/fstab ② 4 ③ usrquota ④ quotacheck
3	① renice ② -20 또는 -n -20	① pgrep ② -u ③ pkill 또는 killall ④ -9 -u	① crontab ② -eu ③ 5 4 * * 1,4,5(mon,thu,fri) ④ */10 * * * *
4	① search ② install ③ remove 또는 erase ④ history	① tar ② Jcf 또는 Jcvf ③ data.tar.xz 또는 data+임의이름.tar.xz ④ Jxf 또는 Jxvf	① -qR ② -qf ③ -qlp ④ -qc
5	① distclean ② menuconfig	① modinfo ② insmod ③ lsmod ④ rmmod	① /lib/modules/커널버전/modules.dep ② depmod ③ make modules ④ make modules_install
6	① /dev/sdb1 ② /home2 ③ ext4 ④ defaults,usrquota	① fdisk -l ② /proc/partitions	① /proc/cpuinfo ② /proc/meminfo ③ /proc/mdstat ④ /proc/version
7	① authpriv.* ② @@192.168.12.22	① mail.*;mail.!=info ② uucp,news,crit	① *.emerg 또는 *.panic ② root,ihduser ③ mail.=error 또는 mail.=err ④ /dev/tty2
8	① lastb ② -f	① /etc/logrotate.conf ② /var/log/wtmp ③ weekly ④ missingok	① last ② lastlog -u ③ lastb ④ lastb -n 3 또는 lastb -3
9	① /etc/ssh/sshd_config ② PermitRootLogin     no	① sysctl ② -w	① kaituser@192.168.12.22 ② -p 180 192.168.12.22 ③ 192.168.12.22 mkdir data ④ ssh-keygen
10	① cpio ② -ocv ③ -icdv 또는 -icd 또는 -id	① dump ② -f ③ restore ④ -rf	① dd ② if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096(또는 4k)
11	① ServerName   www.ihd.or.kr:80 ② DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs" ③ DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php ④ UserDir www	① httpd -t ② httpd -l ③ httpd -S ④ httpd -k graceful	① htpasswd ② -c ③ AuthConfig ④ .htaccess
12	① workgorup = ihd ② server string = IHD File Server ③ netbios name = IHD_Server ④ hosts allow = 192.168.12.	① anonymous_enable=YES ② local_enable=YES ③ anon_upload_enable=NON ④ anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO	① smbclient ② -L ③ \\\\192.168.5.13\\data 또는 //192.168.5.13/data ④ testparm
13	① /etc/mail/local-host-names ② /etc/mail/sendmail.cf ③ Djihd.or.kr ④ /etc/mail/access ⑤ From:spam.com   REJECT	① /etc/exports ② 192.168.5.0/24 ③ no_root_squash ④ root_squash	① /etc/mail/virtusertable ② ceo@ihd.or.kr  ihduser ③ ceo@kait.or.kr  kaituser ④ makemap hash /etc/mail/virtusertable < /etc/mail/virtusertable
14	① ns.ihd.or.kr. ② kait.ihd.or.kr. ③ IN MX 10 ihd.or.kr. ④ www IN A 192.168.5.13	① ihd.or.kr ② master ③ 15.2.0.10.in-add.arpa ④ master	① acl "ihd" { 192.168.5.13; 192.168.12.22; 192.168.6/24; }; ② forward first; ③ forwarders { 168.126.63.1; }; ④ allow-query { 192.168.28/24; 192.168.12.17; ihd; };
15	① http_port 8080 ② acl kaitnet src 192.168.12.0/24 ③ http_access allow kaitnet	① option routers 192.168.12.1; ② option broadcast-address 192.168.12.255; ③ default-lease-time 120; ④ max-lease-time 7200;	① ALL: ALL ② in.telnetd: 192.168.5. ③ sshd: 192.168.5.13 ④ vsftpd: .ihd.or.kr
16	① iptables-save ② > ③ -F ④ iptables-restore ⑤ < ⑥ -L	① -F ② -P ③ DROP ④ -A ⑤ -j ACCEPT	① nat ② PREROUTING ③ tcp ④ --dport 80 ⑤ DNAT ⑥ 192.168.0.4:80

 

2021년

문항 / 회차	21-1	21-2
1	① mrproper 또는 distclean ② menuconfig ③ bzImage ④ modules	① mkdir ② /etc/skel/www ③ usermod ④ -G admin
2	① mdadm ② -C ③ -l 0 -n 2	① mkfs.xfs ② blkid
3	① useradd ② -D -b /home2 ③ -D -s /bin/csh ④ /etc/default/useradd	① /var/spool/cron/ihduser ② */10 * * * 0
4	① xfs_repair ② fsck 또는 e2fsck	① gcc ② -c ③ -o calc ④ cf obj.tar *.o
5	① nice ② renice ③ -n -10 또는 -10	① modprobe ② -c ③ -r ④ modinfo
6	① search ② install ③ -ql ④ -e	① pvcreate ② -c ③ -r ④ modinfo
7	① mail.*;mai.!=debug ② uucp,news.warn ③ *.alert ④ @192.168.12.22	① pvcreate ② vgcreate lvm0 ③ lvcreate ④ -L 2000M -n kdata1 lvm0
8	① /var/log/messages ② /var/log/secure ③ last ④ lastb	① /var/log/btmp ② weekly ③ create 0600 root utmp ④ minsize 1M
9	① nmap ② -p 0-1023	① getenforce ② setenforce 0
10	① if=a.txt of=b.txt conv=lcase ② if=/dev/sdb1 of=/dev/sdc1	① rsync ② -avz
11	① userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so ② conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf ③ /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf ④ Userdir www	① [web] ② comment = HTML Directory ③ path = /usr/local/apache/html ④ valid users = ihduser kaituser ⑤ writable = yes
12	① /etc/aliases ② admin: ihduser, kaituser ③ help::include:/etc/helpdesk ④ newaliases 또는 sendmail -bi 또는 sendmail -l	① /etc/mail/access ② From:spam.com    DISCARD ③ makemap hash ④ <
13	① /etc/exports ② 192.168.5.0/24 ③ no_root_squash ④ all_squash	① /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf ② ServerName www.ihd.or.kr:80 ③ DocumentRoot"/usr/local/apache/html" ④ /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
14	① firewall-cmd ② --permanent ③ --zone=public ④ --add-service=http	① forward only; ② forwarders { 192.126.63.1; }; ③ allow-transfer { 192.168.5/24; }; ④ allow-query { 192.168.12/24; 192.168.3.13; };
15	① ns.ihd.or.kr. ② kait.ihd.or.kr. ③    IN NS ns.ihd.or.kr. (첫 번째 필드는 공백) ④ 15 IN PTR ihdd.or.kr.	① nat ② POSTROUTING ③ -o ④ SNAT
16	① systemctl start telnet.socket   ② /etc/hosts.deny ③ ALL: ALL ④ /etc/hosts.allow ⑤ in.telnetd: 192,.168.12.	① host ② ihd_com ③ hardware ethernet ④ fixed-address